Explain why the Environment is such a discursive subject

It is a fact that the planets weather is becoming more(prenominal) erratic, and ultimately warmer. The causes of the changes to our weather system atomic number 18 undeniable, plainly the real debate is if they argon entirely man made. Evidence of coke emissions increasing is available, but thither is no smoking gun that categoric entirelyy proves that the 2 are linked (sceptical science website accessed 20/04/11). Until this fanny be proved beyond doubt unrivaled way or the different, people leave behind disagree on mans restore on the earth.Since the Industrial diversity of the 19th century thither has been a exploitation concern on the disturb of economic development in personality (Moran, 2005, p338). Different individuals and different g everyplacening bodyal parties testament nourish differing views on the impact and relevancy of environmental issues in the ultramodern governmental world. Despite the awareness of the issue, environmental issues would non enter mainstream governance until the 1960s. Previously there was little thought given to the inherent resources consumed by man, but in the modern world their finite nature has been figure out in (Bentley, 2006, p137).By the late 1980s all mainstream semipolitical parties would have adopted and developed their let environmental order of businesss (ibid, p138). Pressure groups much(prenominal) as reverse lightningpeace, the CND, Friends of the Earth and the World Wildlife Fund were campaign in the UK and around the world during the 70s and 80s in order to bring the environmental agenda to the political forefront. But it was not on the dot twitch groups bringing environmentalism to the political landscape, but also a whole late political ships company.The Green caller was started in 1985 with the aim of moving politics past from what it felt was the continued rocking horse of economic growth and focusing more on clean sustainable living (Moran, 2005, p338). The Gree n party has continued to rise since its inception. The party currently has 109 elected local councillors, 2 European MPs and in the May 2010 option gained their first seat in the Westminster when party leader Caroline Lucas won Brighton and Hove (Green company Website accessed 20/04/2011).With the Green parties growing bend in British Politics, the real little terror of global warming, a globalized economy and the worldly concern of more and more pressure groups, we can be assured that the environmental agenda result remain in British Politics for more years to come. there are many examples of environmental campaigns that have already been and gone and the results of which can mute be setn today. In 1982 and Englishman named Des Wilson began a campaign called pass, with the aim of reducing the impact of lead taint from accelerator pedal.Lead pollution was known to have full impact on the health of young children, as wellhead as the environment as a whole. Fortunately for the members of CLEAR, the campaign had already begun to reduce lead pollution in the UK. These campaigns had support in some precise influential places. The Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution had already give tongue to its desires for lead free petrol, and the German government had been appealing to the rest of Europe over the danger to German and other European forests.A European Union directing shortly followed and the majority of Western states installed lead-free petrol in their petrol can by the end of 1983 (L individually, 2006, p423). In 1972 trans solid groundal think tank the club of capital of Italy published a book called The Limits of harvest-tide, and warned that the existing economic growth was move a serious strain on Earths natural resources and warned of an impending catastrophe for mankind. cognizance of environmental issues was growing in Britain too, with the content Trust, the Council for Protection of Rural England and the RSPB some of the yen standing organisations joining the environmental campaign. Also, in the raw-fangleder groups such(prenominal) as Transport 2000 and the Centre for alternate(a) Technology sprung up and joined many UK modify and/or based campaigns (Leach, 2005, p424). in that location is little doubt that the campaigns of these pressure groups helped to bring the environmental agenda to the forefront of British Politics.Environmental issues will meet all other policy areas of political parties and governments in a way that few other issues can. As stated previously with the CLEAR campaign, the effect of placing lead free petrol on the petrol station forecourt would of been non-existent had the lead-free petrol been twice the price of take fuel. As such, the British government boost the switch by placing reduced taxes on unleaded petrol, so the impact of do the environmentally conscious policy affected taxation in 1983 (ibid, p423).Any new development of roads, rail track or real estat e will rent to go done certain environmental checks prior to any planning licence being granted. An excellent example from new-made times of environmental issues affecting a political decision relates to the planning permissions of the new exceeding Games site in Stratford. As part of the process for obtaining planning permission, the majestic Delivery Authority produced a 40 page Environment statement on how they planned to maintain the sites wildlife before, during and after the Olympic Games (London 2012 website accessed 20/04/11).Rather then perhaps serving as a obstructer to the project, the environmental impact and sustainability became a paint component of what the project wished to chance upon. This is clears evidence that environmental issues are so ingrained in political thought that they are no longer considered as an after thought. This is, in my opinion, a clear indication of how the archean environmental lobbyists were successful in their pursuit to bring e nvironmentalism to the mainstream political agenda. International agreements on environmental issues will also affect the thinking of a governing political organisation.In 1997 186 states agreed on limits to their degree Celsius emissions. The aim was to reduce the carbon emissions of subscribe countries to 5% below 1990 levels by 2012. Although ab initio successful (the 2002 tar proceeds set out by the agreement were met) the problems with the Kyoto began when the US withdrew from the agreement in 2001. Although President Clinton had agreed to the treaty in 97, there were serious issues getting it through the senate, and in 2001 President Bush pulled the US out of Kyoto declaring that it would gravely damage the US economy.The headliner of the agreement on Kyoto would see states given a set quota of emissions each year, and these limits they would be allowed to trade off against one another. This would see high emission nations such as the US buy jobless credits off of less po lluting countries such as The Netherlands. Nations could also earn plain credits by getting have-to doe with in environmental conservation industrial plant in their own country or in a developing nation (BBC website accessed 19/04/2011).Kyoto would ultimately decease because the principal of trading emissions quotas would be unsustainable, and no meaning(a) reductions in emissions were achieved though the life of the treaty. The cash in ones chips attempt to broker an agreement in the international community was in declination 2009 in Copenhagen, Denmark. As John Vidal wrote in the Guardian The so-called Copenhagen accord recognises the scientific case for keeping temperature rises to no more than 2C but does not contain commitments to emissions reductions to achieve that goal.After the conference, G77 executive director Lumumba Di-Aping described the deal as having the terminal level of ambition you can get, and John Sauven of Greenpeace UK described Copenhagen as a crime scene (Guardian Website, accessed 19/04/11). The wide-eyed truth is that environmental issues are here to stay. The early work of environmental pressure groups such as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace has clear had an effect on modern political thought. Every political party will have an environmental policy depict in its pre-election manifesto as well as in the policy region of its website.As we saw with the Olympic Stadium, the environmental impact of the construction process and post games legacy was a major factor out when the whole project was outlined. Environmentalism in politics is here to stay. Major international agreements whitethorn fail like Kyoto, or fail to even appear as was the case with Copenhagen, but the pressure groups are growing is strength and influence, and any move by the political system to remove environmentalism will be met with strong opposition and serious repercussions.

Raise the Red Lantern by Zhang Yimou Essay

Raise the loss Lantern (1991) directed by Zhang Yimou was based on a novel c entirelyed Wives and Concubines by Su Tong. This bring takes place in the early 1900s which tells the write up of a woman named Songlian (played by buzzer Li) who was struck by the harshness of rea illuminatey. Her make died during the Chinese Civil War when she was nineteen. lining the death of her father and the severity of the family fiscal situation, she was left with no choice barely to marry the monied Chen family. Upon reach to the Chens estate, Songlian was greeted with open ordnance and was treated like royalty. She later came to the recognition that it was exactly a mere phantasy as she experience more of the traditions and rules regulate by the Master Chen. The Master has tetrad whore, Songlian being the fourth, and all was in competition with one a nonher for the nobles affection and attention. Each fancy woman has her declare quarter in the castle and her experience persona l servant.The r bring outine on a daily basis was to stands in summit of their quarters and awaits the Masters end on his sexual needs. Once his decision is made, the quarter of the mistress chosen was lit up with red lanterns. For that day, the chosen mistress is rewarded with foot massage, meal of her choice, and the respect of all the servants in the estate. At first glance, Songlian finds Zhuoyun, the minute of arc Mistress, to be trusting and kind. She laters found out that Zhuoyun was said to have a demonstrate of the Buddha, but the heart of a scorpion. Songlian, ardent for her husband affection, decides to fake her have pregnancy. Yaner backstabbed Songlian by conk outing the bloodstain undergarment to Zhuoyun. feigning her concern for Songlians pregnancy, the second mistress requested the family doctor to examine Songlinas condition.Infuriated by Songlians deception, the sweep over ordered all the red lantern in her quarters to be covered by a black canvas. As an represent of revenge, Songlian revea conduct Yaner secret obsession with the superior and ordered all the red lantern in Yaners room to be burned. Yaners refusal to apologize to Songlian kneel all night which eventually led to her death. During Songlians birthday, she drunkenly professes the Meishan, terce mistress, personal business with the family doctor. Being manipulative as she is, Zhuoyun caught the third mistress and the doctor in the morsel of adultry. As punishment for infidelity, Meishan was hanged. The following summer, the master marry yet another concubines. At this point, Songlian has finally went recognizely insane and was just wandering around in her own quarters.In order for this film to be called a Classical Hollywood Narrative, it mustiness stay puts to the four simple stages in which this narrative composes. First stage, the hero, is established clearly at the beginning revealing his/her strengths and flaws. This film adhere to the first stage in which it did reveals who is the of import fighter at the rattling beginning. However, it is truly weighed down to determine whether Songlian is actually a hero in this film. At the beginning, it did shows that her actor is very(prenominal) admirable in pass judgment her fate in order to conserve her family from poverty. As the story progresses, in my opinion, she is reveal to be weak and unforgiving. Her weakness shows in her selfishness as she yearn for affection and attention. Her unforgiveness shows when after her deception was reveal in her pregnancy.She became very vengeful and it causes the death of Yaner and Meishan. For those reason, it is hard for me to consider her only as a relay transmitter. Instead, I see her as booster dose with the negative traits of an antagonist. Second stage, the goal, is established for the superstar to pursue. In this case, Songlians goal is to live on a concubine to a wealthy family to save her family from poverty. The success of this goa l is very simplistic. Although her long term goal is unclear, the sense of belonging is very clear. Clearly Songlian did not want to live a flavour as a concubine. She does belong here, but her fate is inevitable.Third stage, the obstacle, can be established as the lifestyle of the concubines and upholding the traditions and rules specify by the master of the house. Unlike most(prenominal) obstacles which has a clear time decimal point of resolution, the obstacle in this film appears to be never ending. Final stage, the success, is established when the protagonist finally achieve his/her goals and overcome the obstacle with great success. Unlike Classical Hollywood Narrative, the ending to this film left the protagonists problems unresolve and distraught. She just went insane and became mentally ill at the end. That is a complete failure for a hero of a narrative. I believe a crack way to become successful in this films obstacles would be death because it is the only escape f or the fate a concubine.

'Hesitation of Managed Care to Use Data Mining Essay\r'

'One of the biggest hesitations would have to be live to build an implement such a system. The technique depends on an organization having â€Å" disrobe” data to analyze, which requires data being scrub and moved to data wargonhouses. Many payers lose the money and manpower to build and watch over these w behouses. (Kongstvedt, P., Capagemini). In addition, internal politics and the many constituencies within a managed headache organization can drive it difficult to management data excavation efforts, says Scott Kozicki.\r\nWhat has mixtured in this exertion to adopt data archeological site?\r\nThe train for more organizations to become more efficient, customers are demanding more and better services in shorter amounts of time. Another change would have to be HIPAA, which stands for Healthcare Information Portability and Accountability go of 1996, it was a law that has many diverse facets to it one of which protects your private health information. The standard s mandated by HIPAA have made the data â€Å" scrubbed” and streamlines the analysis efforts.\r\nWhat mazyities arise when data mining is used in health care organizations?\r\nOne thing that makes data mining in health care organizations complex is just the same as what has helped narrow it going, HIPAA. Even though it has created standard rules for modify data, it requires that you encrypt information being familial over the internet, which adds greets to doing so. Some organizations only(prenominal) require it on certain transactions, but some want it done on every transaction. Doing this can increase the cost evidentiaryly causing it to raise the cost back up, making it not as feasible to use this practice.\r\nAssume you are an employer and that your managed care organization raises your appreciate found on the results of data mining and predictive modeling software. What are your opinions? What would help make up your mind in regards to adopting these rate chang es?\r\nMy opinion would vary depending on what eccentric person of data they were using and where they got the data from, was it from our employees or a group similar to ours. I would be okay with the rate change as long as they could install they used data from my specific employees and they had significant data supporting their reasons for the increase in rates.\r\n'

'Response to Peter Singer’s Speech\r'

'Peter Singer’s oral communication on a effect to serviceman poverty made a dower of good points concerning how to help those in need. He states that most people arse hold to help starving squirtren and that people ar turning their backs on the needy. Where he fails though, is in actu each(prenominal)y providing a solution that leave behind hold up over time. His strain on depravity sidesliping those more fortunate into process and then guiding them to let $cc is no solution, merely a ejaculate to give to those less fortunate quite of fixing the occupation for good. In his oral communication he gives instances to try to guilt those perceive into giving charitably.\r\nHe sites a decl atomic number 18 by NYU philosopher Peter Unger, titled, â€Å"Living extravagantly and Letting Die”. He goes on to paraphrase an example from the book that he thinks gives a great example towards Ameri butt’s lack of charitable giving. His example is active a man named bobber who is nearly retired and has invested most of his savings into a rare and valuable old car. He has a lot of pride in the car and he en pleasures taking financial aid of it. He also enjoys that its rising measure means he leave al adept forever and a sidereal daylight be able to sell it and belief comfortably. He is unwrap one day for a drive one day and park the car along some railroad tracks and goes for a walk along the tracks.\r\nAs he is walking he sees that a runaway train with no one aboard is headed for a polished child farther down the track. The child is too far to warn of the in security measures and will be killed unless Bob throws a have to put the train on the siding where his beloved car is parked. Throwing the commutation will destroy his car and whence his long time investment. Thinking of his joy in owning the car and the financial security it represents, Bob decides non to throw the switch and the child is killed. He uses this e xample comparatively to how the average American reacts to charitable giving.\r\nHe labels them as cruel people who study their own livelihood over the lives of anxious(p) children, which is unfair. Commonly, those not giving are not looking into the eyes of a destruction child but rather into a scary world where finances are always unsettling. In my psycheal run across guilting someone into doing something is the worst way to enkindle fretfulness for follow up. Forcing someone to do something is not nearly as effective as creating a fatality to do something. everywhere time guilt tripping practises the action lose steam while reservation someone want to do something can create a passion that lasts for a long time.\r\nLet me follow Singers place here and provide an example. Suppose that you would analogous to have your acquaintance go to a new sushi eating place with you. Would it be smarter to guilt him into sacking by using something against him to make him go, or would it be smarter to talk about how good the atmosphere and food is? seemingly it is much smarter to talk up the restaurant instead of sending your friend on a guilt trip. The guilt trip may only make your friend go once but reservation the friend want to go will result in many a(prenominal) visits to the restaurant.\r\nCreating a passion is the best way to rallying cry people to action and singer failed to do this. Instead, he should have use a more indirect method homogeneous talking about the benefits and contentedness that one can receive from charitable largess and selling them on the concept other spot where his speech falls get around is in providing a plausible solution to world poverty. Having everyone with disposable in be sleep together give $ two hundred to help feed hungry children solves none of the problems having to do with poor villages not organism able to support their people.\r\nIn the article, â€Å"We can end global poverty…” the condit ion describes a plan laid out by David Cameron that includes over 10 step to end global poverty by 2030. Including such ideas as going green, going for growth, good government, and global partnership. The final explanation comes after 8 months of consultation with more than 5,000 public groups across 120 unlike countries. Citizens, governments, businesses, local charities, community groups and development experts all had a chance to contribute their ideas.\r\nThis shell of initiative is what it recalls to create a on-key end to world poverty, not further simply pleading that people give $200 to charity. I feel as if Singer never really position to develop his idea thoroughly and fairish wanted something quick that he could easy get people to support. This is where his ethos breaks down. He no longer seems to be a person worth speaking to about the subject, but rather someone who wants a problem solved but doesn’t want to put in effort to come up with a real solution.\ r\n by and by analyzing his speech thoroughly I feel that Singer has a lot of passion for what he speaks about but fails to come up with real plausible solutions to the problems he is addressing. Singer may believe he has World Poverty all pass judgment out but there are a few points he’s not thinking about. He used emotional stories about dying children to guilt his listeners into giving property. Though, Peter Singer makes a valid point that we should be lot children in need, what happens when everyone stops blowing their funds on luxury items?\r\nIn his speech he says, â€Å"The formula is simple: whatever money youre spending on luxuries, not necessities, should be given away. ” If we were to spend only money on necessities and donate the rest it would, in turn, cause economic distress. Jobs will convey to slowly deplete from our own economy here in America. Manufacturing jobs such as, furniture, computers, televisions, housing, retail, and many more would di sappear. The sad fact of the event is that poverty is a necessity and rightful(prenominal) like with all things you have to take the good with the bad.\r\n'

'Commercial Contracts Under Nigerian Legislation\r'

'COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS UNDER Nigerian LEGISLATION Introduction A abridge is an engagement which is leg bothy adhere on the parties to it and which if broken whitethorn be compel by coiffureion in speak to against the c on the wholeer that has broken it. A take whitethorn be void or revokable. A void guide is that which lacks the requisite ingredients or elements of valid flinch and indeed of no legitimate impression. A voidable keep down is that which is valid in the maiden place but may be ended at the instance of wizard of the parties to it.Such causes include guarantee with a brim of m whizzy lender, hire corrupt and bargain or leasing of land. The legal consequences of non-compliance argon that they ar non enforceable at fair play though they ar non ineluctably void. However, some categories of rivets must(prenominal) of necessity be in write or else they shall be void absolutely. These include transfer of shargons, leatherneck insurance and hire purchase agreements. As a general rule also, all contr behaves are in the char recreateer of agreement: however, non all agreements may discover a contract properly so called.For instance, an agreement for the sale of a divide of land is intended to be covering and enforceable at uprightness, whereas, an invitation to a lunch which after all, did not hold may not be enforceable at the suit of the disappointed fellowship. A contract may also be low-seal or by deed and may be simple or oral exam. It may be designate when it is written or implied when it is inferred from the admit and acts of the parties. In addition, there can be bilateral contract amongst two parties or multi-lateral contract among parties depending on the nature of obligations to be performed under the agreement.Condition and indorsement are the two basic types of depict ground in a contract. Whether a end point is a fix or warranty depends on the intention of the parties. A condition is a vital precondition which goes to the home of the contract. Breach of a condition entitles the h whizzst company to repudiate the contract and to take in damages. A warranty is a term which is subsidiary to the of import purpose of the contract, ravish of which only entitles the innocent party to damages. organic jurisprudence OF A VALID CONTRACT The main requirements of a valid contract are as follows: 1. there must be an offer; . there must be an acceptance; 3. there must be consideration; 4. parties must have affluent contractual subject; 5. there must be an intention to create legal relations; 6. object of the contract must not be un rightfulnessful nor penal; 7. prescribed formalities must be followed, for example, it should be in writing or by deed. Forms of Contract Contract support by consideration are fundamentally expected to be in writing,. It is however important to note that a contract may also be oral or implied and yet be binding on the parties depending on the pe culiar circumstances.The accompaniment remains that a contract may not be taken as world invalid or unenforceable for the mere fact that it is not in a written form. Te courtyard would normally not assist each person who was lured into an oral agreement. Writing and facilitates the interpretation or proving of the terms of the contract barring which it may not be all that necessary. In considering commercial contracts under Nigerian legislation however, we would evaluate tether of such contracts which are: ? hire purchase; ?sale of goods; ?agency. AGENCY CONTRACT IntroductionAgency is a kindred that exists between two persons, one of whom expressly or impliedly agrees that the other should construe him or act on his behalf. The one that is represented is called the top dog while the person representing or acting on soul’s behalf is called gene. Agency relationship involves the have of the component and the ace that one should act for the other. It thus arises f rom a contract or agreements express or implied. Ofodile v. Chinwuba Generally, the relationship of trail and agent may arise in three main ways: 1.By agreement , whether contractual or not express or implied in nature 2. By subsequent ratification by the asterisk of the agent’s act through with(p) on his behalf, and 3. By operation of constabulary under the doctrine of necessity Whether or not an agency relationship exists would mostly depend on the true nature of the agreement and the circumstances of the relationship between the whizz and the agent. In another vein, the law of agency consists of the law of the employer and the employed, where the employment consists of delivery the employer into contractual relationship with the third party.This relationship is simply referred to as â€Å"The Master and consideration” relationship under the labour law and for which there is a vicarious liability. An agent should be distinguished for an self-governing decl arer. An independent contractor is the person who negotiates with the third party on his own behalf. An independent contactor is a person liable to give contract for service while and agent or servant renders contract of service. An independent contractor is personally liable at law for his actions. An agent is not a regent of the goods in his care not being the legal owner.The extent or background knowledge of the agentive role’s discretion is resolute by his nous’s statements. court-ordered title always remains in the principal. An agent can therefore not give good title all by himself. CLASSIFICATION OF AGENCY a. circumscribed instrument: This is someone who has potential to do some particular act on behalf of his principal though not a continuous basis; for instance, a peculiar(a) order to purchase a augury or a vehicle. b. General Agent: this is someone who has power to act for his principal in all matters involving business or trade, for example a solic itor or legal practitioner. . A Factor Agent: He is an agent who sells or disposes of goods that are entrusted to him. His activities are governed by the Factors Act 1889 (UK d. element Agent: He negotiates ad makes contract for the sale and purchase of goods. However unalike a factor he is not left in possession of the goods. distinctive example is insurance Brokers and Stock Brokers. e. universal joint Agent: This is someone who represents various principals in many aspects of trade. He is appointed by a Deed under reason of Attorney and has wide powers. f.Mercantile Agent: He represents someone in commercial and genuine aspects of trade. Their duties are more or slight similar to those of the factor agent g. auction off: He represents a principal in the disposal of real properties. They are usually licensed to sell properties of Mortgagors who have defaulted in payment. Auctioneer acts between the Vendor and the purchaser. He receives commission and invariably sells to the highest bidder. h. Estate Agent: These deal in the acquisition of, rating of an disposal of properties i.Del-Credere Agent: This is a moneymaking(a) agent who, in consideration of otiose pay, that is del-credere commission guarantees to his principal that the 3rd party with whom he enters into contract on behalf of the principal shall duly pay the sum beseeming due under the contract. In effect a del credere agent is a protection of the person with whom he deals. This is just a form of guarantee which may not necessarily be in writing in order to be enforceable at law. CREATION OF AGENCY It may be created in two coarse ways namely: (a)Expressly and (b) impliedly a. Express substructure: . By deed †this involves issuing an authority in writing with the necessary instruction and attestation clauses. That is signed, sealed and delivered. This process is cognize as the granting a Power of Attorney. 2. literal instruction †This is agency by appointment, it deals with e xpress authorisation of the principal to the agent to act for him b. Implied Creation 1. Agency of necessity †This is created by act of person who normally had no authority but was compelled to reasonable act to protect the interest of the 3rd party especially during an emergency situation. 2.Agency by Estoppel: †This is a type of agency that can be inferred form the conduct of the parties. If the situation that exists suggests that parties regard to create an agency relationship, either of the parties is halt form denying the existence of such a relationship. 3. Apparent Agency †This occurs where a principal has not taken due circumspection to prevent a situation where somebody portrays himself as having power to act as his agent. 4. Agency by ratification †This occurs where the principal having full knowledge of the fact, accepts the benefits of the contract entered into by his apparent agent.Any act whether lawful or unlawful may be formalize provided it i s not void. If it is voidable it is still subject of being ratified as recollective as it is valid. In Brook v. box where an agent forged his principal’s signature on a promissory note; it was held that the attempt at ratification was void. The principal must have capacity as at the date of the contract. In Kelner v. Baxter where a promoter tried to sign some pre-incorporation contracts it was held that he could not chase as the contracts predated the company.\r\n'

'Engine powered by liquid hydrogen\r'

'Wide black market of Flamm ability:In comparing with all(a) different(a) declare oneselfs, henry has a sincerely across-the-board mountain range of flammability. Hence, Hydrogen female genital organ be combusted in an internal vehement locomotive everywhere a ample bea of burn polish up- post alloys. railcardinal of the functionant advantages of this is that Hydrogen burn move order a in truth thin pastiche.\r\nA thin variety show is star in which the match of kindle is less(prenominal)(prenominal) than the hypothetical, stoichiometric or chemically lofty-minded philia motiveed for keen with a given rack up of demarcation. This is wherefore it is reasonably easy to acquire an locomotive locomotive railway locomotive to get down on H.\r\nIn general, give the axe economic organic law is great and the desirous reaction is more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) carry out when a vehicle is run on a thin mixture. Besides , the concluding burn temperature is pitiableer hence knock down belt down the amount of m peerlessy of pollutants, frequently(prenominal) as N oxides, emitted in the fume. However, there is a qualify to how thin the locomotive railway locomotive patheticlife be run, as thin ope balancen stinker signifi lowlifetly cope down the agency end reaping due to a decrease in the bulktric warmth value of the line of descent/fire mixtureLow rubor Energy: release dynamism is the aptitude needed to weak a evoke. Hydrogen has in reality small lighting energy. The core of energy needed to light H is or so one order of order less than that begd for flatulencyolene. The feature of low Ignition energy enables hydrogen railway locomotives to light thin mixtures and in any case ensures prompt hammock.\r\nUnfortunately, the low discharge energy besides carries the take pass offs that hot brages and hot genus Musca volitanss on the piston house gutter function a s beginnings of touchwood and hence making jobs much(prenominal) as immature ignition and flash spikelet. Preventing the above mentioned jobs is one of the jobs associated with runing an locomotive locomotive on H. The broad flammability scope of H agencies that nighwhat both mixture cornerstone be kindled by a hot topographic point.Small Quenching Distance:Hydrogen has a little experimental extinction distance, even smaller than that of gasolene. Hence, it ‘s more hard to quell a H excite than a gasolene hassle. The inclination for blowback additions as a consequence of smaller extinction distance, since the fire from a hydrogen- distri neverthelesse mixture more readily passes a roughly unkindly expenditure valve, than a hydrocarbon- halo fire.High Auto-Ignition Temperature:Hydrogen has a comparatively proud auto-ignition temperature. This characteristic is of imembrasure beca do workout the hydrogen- atm mixture has to be compressed and therefore play s an of import function in finding the coalition ratio that an engine potful utilize, since the temperature startle during jam is re riped to the compaction ratio.\r\nThe temperature should non transcend the auto-ignition temperature, as this would do a previous(p) ignition. Hence, the absolute concluding temperature controls the compaction ratio. The mellowed car ignition temperature of H allows large compaction ratios to be use in a H engine than in a hydrocarbon engine. On the other manus, H is hard to light in a compaction ignition or diesel motor constellation, because the temperatures needed for those types of ignition be comparatively high.High Flame SpeedHydrogen has high fire velocity at stoichiometric ratios. chthonian these conditions, the H fire velocity is about an order of magnitude higher(prenominal)(prenominal) ( straightaway ) than that of gasolene. This means that H engines rotter more closely approach the thermodynamically ideal engine rhythm. At leane r mixtures, all the same, the fire locomote decreases signifi placetly.High DiffusivityHydrogen has really high diffusivity. This ability to scatter in channelize is wellhead greater than gasolene and is advantageous for 2 chief movement. First, it facilitates the formation of a unremitting mixture of supply and universalize. Second, if a H leak develops, the H disperses quickly. Therefore, insecure conditions can any be avoided or minimized.Low DensityHydrogen has really low denseness. This consequences in ii jobs when apply in an internal keen engine. First, a really big volume is obligatory to hive away adequate H to give a vehicle an have-to doe with drive scope. Second, the energy denseness of a hydrogen- cable mixture, and therefore the office end product, is minify.Fuel economy SystemsHydrogen discharge manner of speaking frame can be broken down into terce chief types:Cardinal shooting ( or â€Å"carburetted” )Port shotDirect digCentral and po rt raise bringing organizations dig forms the fuel- mental strain mixture during the intake shot. In the instance of underlying slam or a carburetor, the guessing is at the recess of the carriage intake manifold. In the instance of port pellet, it is injected at the recess port. Direct piston sleeping accommodation dig is more technologically train and involves organizing the fuel-air mixture inside the intense cylinder after the air drug addiction valve has closed.Cardinal gibe or Carburetted Systems:The simplest method of bearing fuel to a H engine is by fashion of a carburetor or cardinal dig agreement. This corpse has advantages for a H engine. First, cardinal guess does non necessitate the H depict force per social unit state to be every bit high as for other methods. Second, cardinal injection or carburetors ar utilize on gasolene engines, doing it easy to change over a standard gasolene engine to hydrogen or a petrol/hydrogen engine.\r\nThe disadv antage of cardinal injection is that it is more susceptible to irregular burning due to pre-ignition and back fire. The greater snapper of hydrogen/air mixture inside the outlay manifold compounds the effects of pre-ignition.Port guesswork SystemsThe port injection fuel bringing system injects fuel straight into the phthisis manifold at apiece wasting disease port, instead than pulling fuel in at a cardinal point. Typically, the H is injected into the manifold after the beginning of the consumption shot. At this point conditions atomic number 18 much less terrible and the chance for premature ignition is decreased. In port injection, the air is injected individually at the beginning of the consumption shot to thin the hot residuary gases and cool any hot musca volitanss. Since less gas ( H or air ) is in the manifold at any one magazine publisher, any pre-ignition is less terrible. The recess supply force per unit study for port injection tends to be higher than for carb uretted or cardinal injection systems, tho less than for lead injection systems. The enduring volume injection ( CVI ) system uses a mechanical cam-operated device to garment the injection of the H to distributively cylinder. The CVI scarf out is shown on the far right of the flick with four fuel lines go digression on left side of the encumber ( one fuel line for separately cylinder ) .\r\nThe electronic fuel injection ( EFI ) system meters the H to distributively cylinder. This system uses single electronic fuel injectors ( solenoid valves ) for each cylinder and pumped to a jet fuel rail located down the Centre of the consumption manifold. Whereas the CVI system uses changeless injection timing and variable fuel rail force per unit area, the EFI system uses variable injection timing and changeless fuel rail force per unit area.Direct Injection SystemsMore sophisticated H engines use direct injection into the burning cylinder during the compaction shot. In direct injec tion, the consumption valve is closed when the fuel is injected, wholly avoiding premature ignition during the intake shot. Consequently the engine can non backlash into the consumption manifold. The exponent end product of a direct injected H engine is 20 % more than for a gasolene engine and 42 % more than a H engine utilizing a carburetor. While direct injection solves the job of pre-ignition in the consumption manifold, it does non necessarily forestall pre ignition at heart the burning chamber. In add-on, due to the reduced alloy crop of the air and fuel in a direct injection engine, the air/fuel mixture can be non-homogenous. Surveies have suggested this can take to higher dark emanations than the non-direct injection systems. Direct injection systems require a higher fuel rail force per unit area than the other.Thermal DilutionPre-ignition conditions can be curbed utilizing thermic dilution techniques much(prenominal) as fumes gas recirculation ( EGR ) or body of wate r injection. As the name implies, an EGR system re-circulates a part of the fumes gases back into the consumption manifold. The debut of eradicate gases helps to swerve down the temperature of hot musca volitanss, buffet downing the possibility of pre-ignition. Additionally, re-circulating fumes gases cut down the peak burning temperature, which reduces nighttime emanations. Typically a 25 to 30 % recirculation of fumes gas is intelligent in extinguishing blowback. On the other manus, the force play end product of the engine is reduced when utilizing EGR. The presence of exhaust gases reduces the sum of fuel mixture that can be skeletal into the burning chamber.\r\nAnother technique for thermally thining the fuel mixture is the injection of urine. Injecting H2O into the H watercourse prior to portmanteau with air has produced better consequences than shooting it into the hydrogen-air mixture within the consumption manifold. A viable job with this type of system is that H2O can acquire assorted with the oil, so care must be interpreted to guarantee that seals do non leak.Engine DesignThe most effectual agencies of commanding pre-ignition and knock is to re-design the engine for H usage, specifically the burning chamber and the scary system. A discoid burning chamber ( with a level Piston and chamber ceiling ) can be use to cut down turbulency within the chamber. The disc form helps bring onwards low radial and digressive speed constituents and does non magnify recess whirl during compaction. Since unburned hydrocarbons are non a concern in H engines, a big bore-to-stroke ratio can be utilise with this engine. To suit the wider scope of fire velocities that occur over a greater scope of commensurateity ratios, both glitter choke uppers are needed. The chilling system must be designed to supply unvarying flow to all locations that need chilling. Extra steps to diminish the chance of pre ignition are the usage of two little exhaust valves as con tend to a individual big one, and the study of an effectual scavenging system, that is, a agency of displacing exhaust gas from the burning chamber with snappy air.Ignition SystemsDue to hydrogen ‘s low ignition energy bound, lighting H is easy and gasoline ignition systems can be used. At really thin air/fuel ratios ( 130:1 to clxxx:1 ) the fire speed is reduced well and the usage of a copy shining stopper system is preferred. Ignition systems that use a spoil discharge system should non be used for H engines. These systems energize the flicker each clip the Piston is at top fallen Centre whether or non the Piston is on the compaction stroke or on its exhaust shot. For gasolene engines, waste flicker systems work good and are less expensive than other systems. For H engines, the waste flickers are a beginning of pre-ignition. pioneer stopper for a H engine should hold a cold military rating and have non-platinum leans. A cold-rated stopper is one that transfers hea t from the stopper tip to the cylinder caput quicker than a hot-rated flicker stopper. This means the opportunities of the flicker stopper tip lighting the air/fuel buck is reduced. Hot rated spark stoppers are designed to follow a certain sum of heat so that C sedimentations do non roll up. Since H does non incorporate C, hot-rated flicker stoppers do non function a serviceable map. Platinum-tip flicker stopper should besides be avoided since Pt is a accelerator, doing H to alter with air.Crankcase Ventilation:Crankcase airing is even more of import for H engines than for gasolene engines. As with gasolene engines, un-burnt fuel can seepage by the Piston rings and go far the crankcase. Since H has a lower energy ignition bound than gasolene, any un-burnt H come ining the crankcase has a greater probability of lighting. Hydrogen should be prevented from roll uping through airing. Ignition within the crankcase can be moreover a startling encumbrance or consequence in engine fire. When H ignites within the crankcase, a abrupt force per unit area rise occurs. To alleviate this force per unit area, a force per unit area easing valve must be installed on the valve screen. exhaust system gases can besides ooze by the Piston rings into the crankcase. Since H fumes is H2O vapor, H2O can contract in the crankcase when proper airing is non provided. The potpourri of H2O into the crankcase oil reduces its lubrication ability, turn up in a higher grade of engine wear.Emissions:The burning of H with O grand goodss H2O as its lone trade:\r\n2H2 + O2 = 2H2O\r\nThe burning of H with air nevertheless can besides bring frontward oxides of N ( NOx ) :\r\nH2 + O2 + N2 = H2O + N2 + NOx\r\nThe oxides of N are created due to the high temperatures generated within the burning chamber during burning. This high temperature causes some of the N in the air to unite with the O in the air. The sum of NOx organize depends on:The air/fuel ratioThe engine compaction ratio The engine velocityThe ignition timingWhether thermic dilution is utilisedIn add-on to oxides of N, hints of C monoxide and C dioxide can be present in the fumes gas, due to ooze oil fire in the burning chamber. Depending on the status of the engine ( combustion of oil ) and the operating fascinate used ( a rich versus thin air/fuel ratio ) , a H engine can bring aside from about zero emanations ( every bit low as a a couple of(prenominal) ppm ) to high NOx and important C monoxide emanations.\r\nPower End product:\r\nThe hypothetical supreme power end product from a H engine depends on the air/fuel ratio and fuel injection method used. As mentioned in above, the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio for H is 34:1. At this air/fuel ratio, H volition go 29 % of the burning chamber go forthing merely 71 % for the air. As a consequence, the energy content of this mixture volition be less than it would be if the fuel were gasolene ( since gasolene is a silver, it merely occupies a re ally little volume of the burning chamber, and therefore allows more air to enter ) . Since both the carburetted and larboard injection methods mix the fuel and air prior to it come ining the burning chamber, these systems limit the maximal theoretical power gettable to about 85 % of that of gasolene engines. For direct injection systems, which mix the fuel with the air after the consumption valve has closed ( and therefore the burning chamber has 100 % air ) , the maximal end product of the engine can be about 15 % higher than that for gasolene engines.\r\nTherefore, depending on how the fuel is metered, the maximal end product for a H engine can be either 15 % higher or 15 % less than that of gasolene if a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio is used. However, at a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio, the burning temperature is really high and as a consequence it will prepare a big sum of N oxides ( NOx ) , which is a criteria pollutant. Since one of the grounds for utilizing H is low exhaus t emanations, H engines are non usually designed to run at a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.\r\nTypically hydrogen engines are designed to utilize approximately in two ways every bit much air as theoretically required for smash burning. At this air/fuel ratio, the formation of NOx is reduced to near nothing. Unfortunately, this besides reduces the power end product to about half that of a likewise surface gasolene engine. To do up for the power loss, H engines are ordinarily larger than gasolene engines, and/or are supply with turbochargers or superchargers.Hydrogen Gas Mixtures:Hydrogen can be used well in internal burning engines as an running(a) to a hydrocarbon fuel. Hydrogen is most normally assorted with high force per unit area natural gas for this end since both gases can be stored in the same panoplied combat vehicle. If H is blended with other fuels, it normally has to be stored individually and assorted in the vapourific province instantly before ignition. In gene ral, it is impractical to utilize H in connective with other fuels that besides require bulky storage systems, such as propane. Gaseous H can non be stored in the same vas as a liquid fuel. Hydrogen ‘s low denseness will do it to stay on top of the liquid and non blend. Furthermore, liquid fuels are stored at comparatively low force per unit areas so that really small H could be added to the vas. Liquid H can non be stored in the same vas as other fuels. Hydrogen ‘s low boiling point will stop dead other fuels ensuing in fuel â€Å"ice” . Hydrogen can be used in concurrence with compact liquid fuels such as gasolene, intoxicant or Diesel provided each are stored individually. In these applications, the fuel armored combat vehicles can be formed to suit into fresh infinites on the vehicle. existing vehicles of this type tend to run utilizing one fuel or the other but non both at the same clip. bingle advantage of this scheme is that the vehicle can go on to run if H is un getable.\r\nHydrogen can non be used straight in a Diesel ( or â€Å"compression ignition” ) engine since H ‘s car ignition temperature is excessively high ( this is besides true of natural gas ) . Therefore, diesel engines must be outfitted with spark stoppers or utilize a little sum of Diesel fuel to light the gas ( know as pilot ignition ) . Although pilot ignition techniques have been real for usage with natural gas, no 1 is presently making this with H.\r\nOne commercially available gas mixture known as Hythane contains 20 % H and 80 % natural gas. At this ratio, no alterations are required to a natural gas engine, and surveies have shown that emanations are reduced by more than 20 % . Mixtures of more than 20 % H with natural gas can cut down emanations further but some engine alterations are required. fragile operating theatre of any internal burning engine is advantageous in footings of oxides of newton emanations and fuel economic system.\r\nFor hydrocarbon engines, thin operation besides leads to take down emanations of C monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. As more O is available than required to burn the fuel, the extra O oxidizes more C monoxide into C dioxide, a less harmful emanation. The extra O besides helps to finish the burning, diminishing the sum of unburned hydrocarbons. As with H, the drawback of thin operation with hydrocarbon fuels is a decreased power end product. make out operation of hydrocarbon engines has extra drawbacks. Thin mixtures are difficult to light, despite the mixture cosmos above the LFL of the fuel. This consequence in dud, which increases unburned hydrocarbon emanations, reduces in the public eye(predicate) presentation and wastes fuel. Another disadvantage is the decreased transition efficiency of 3-way catalytic convertors, ensuing in more harmful emanations.\r\nTo some extent, blending H with other hydrocarbon fuels reduces all of these drawbacks. Hydrogen ‘s low ignition energ y bound and high firing velocity makes the hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixture easier to light, cut downing dud and thereby bettering emanations, public presentation and fuel economic system. lecture power end product, H augments the mixture ‘s energy denseness at thin mixtures by increasing the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and thereby improves torsion at wide-open qualify conditions.Current Status:A few car masters have been making some work in the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles ( Ford has late announced that they have developed a â€Å"production ready” hydrogen-powered vehicle utilizing an frost and BMW has completed a universe tour exposing a twelve or so hydrogen-powered 750i vehicles ) . However, it is non likely that any hydrogen-powered vehicles will be available to the populace until there is an equal re-fuelling substructure and trained technicians to mend and keep these vehicles. Like current gasoline-powered vehicles, the design of each H powered vehicl e will most likely vary from maker to maker and theoretical account to pattern.\r\nOne theoretical account may be simple in design and operation, for illustration, a thin combustion fuel metering scheme utilizing no emanation control systems such as EGR, catalytic convertor, evaporate fuel case shot, etc. Another theoretical account may be really sophisticated in design and operation, for illustration, utilizing an EGR fuel metering scheme with a catalytic convertor, quintuple flicker stoppers, etc. Until such clip that a H substructure exists, hydrogen/natural gas fuel blends provide a logical passage to to the skillful hydrogen-powered vehicles. These vehicles can run on either fuel, depending on handiness\r\n'

'Clique Pens Analysis Essay\r'

' currently refugee camp pens is stuck in a note where they ar competing with other pen markings including BIC, Scripto, Pentel, Pilot, Papermate, and Sharpie. The run for shelf billet is among some of the biggest retailers global such as Wal-Mart, Target, CVS, and Kroger. Because of the immense military unit retailers hold in this market, companies like camp need to cook sure they atomic number 18 allocating their funds in ways that agree appropriate to stay on the shelves. Pens are a high profit and high-turnover items which for retailers is great, only if because retailers haven’t changed the price for or so over a decade, manufacturers are receiving less(prenominal) and less profit from their items. Retailers hold the military unit over the manufacturers in this market collectible to the amount of dents available; if one nock wasn’t working for the retailer, they could simply rent another brand. In order to perch profitable club’s brand m anagers have worked with different merchandise and ad agencies to develop an integrated package of advertising, deal and consumer promotions to maintain the market share.\r\n grade allocated 15% of its total promotional budget to advertising, 30% to consumer promotions, and 55% to trade promotions. Types of advertising Clique used consumer promotions and price off deals done the retailer, in such ways you would make up ones mind in an ad in a magazine, â€Å"available at target”. Consumer promotions were by and large used as coupons distributed to the customer through with(predicate) newspapers, in-store displays, and cash register receipts. Coupon repurchase judge deemed useless for the approximately surgical incision considering rates were about 1.3% lower than most other consumer products. Elise Ferguson (president of the writing implements division of U.S. home) has a very important decision to make; whether or not the confederation should shake off their time a nd money merchandising towards retailers or towards consumers, in order to grow Clique’s profits.\r\nOne option that the company could choose to go with would be marketing towards the consumers rather than the retailers. Logan Chen, vice president of marketing feels that reducing trade discounts and establishing a consumer orient MDF (Market Development Funds), coupled with additional consumer-targeted marketing programs is the way to ensure that consumers are receiving the expert benefit of Clique’s promotional dollars. However, Ross McMillan, gross revenue vice president disagrees on that course of action whole heartedly.\r\nIf Clique were to use a majority of their gross sales and marketing funds towards the consumer the company could retreat considerable shelf space and sales to competitors, due to the reduced marketing controlled funds. Consumers in this market also do not hold more than if any brand loyalty, which instrument they wouldn’t pay much m ind to advertising. Another large component to keep in mind would be the fact that coupon redemption rates are 1.4% lower than other consumer products, which means wasting money that was spent on this type of advertising. Going with this option would be extremely costly for Clique as well as a grievous touch off in the already finespun market; one wrong move towards the retailers and Clique could kiss their shelf space goodbye.\r\n'

'American Anti Slavery\r'

'As we saw In the previous(prenominal) lecture, galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) Americans In the nineteenth century believed that thr completelydom was reassert by the leger. Explain how The American Anti- buckle downholding almanac, a well-known emancipationist universalation whose authors attacked thraldom, seek to discredit the notion that Christianity Justified slavery. | 200 spoken language I 50 points. through away The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolishmentists wrote that the Christians did galore(postnominal) anti-slavery acts.On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"inkiness sit around” appoint In church buildinges. On page 21, It states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously bump” this opinion of the â€Å"negro seat” in churches. It similarly states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat” keeps posted upon its walls a standing literary criticism on Gods workmanship, a public proclamatio n of their contempt for It. ” The church finds it untimely that many churches meet designated seats for negros. â€Å" wherefore single out certain seats for them and stain them sit in them? On page 37, it states â€Å" concord to the Bible, oppression quarterth a man mad; plainly according to the objector, top oppressing him and yon make him mad! That inflicting wrongs upon a soul is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, every one and only(a) one knows,: and that the way to allay his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and consume him with kind feelings towards you. ” This explains that the wrong doings to a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters.On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his improperness and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be aken in making him your friends, is to blockade doing that which do him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsensical direction to all wh o wish to make others their friends. ” 2. As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an scotch necessity. They argued that Its abolishing would destroy the countrys economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac try to discredit this notion. 200 words | 50 points. Throughout The American Ann-slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they iscredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the countrys economy. The abolitionists explained that acquire rid of slavery would stop the theft that was passing play on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would answer the economy. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that slaveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would slew a lot of this cotton causing passage of money.On page 36, it explains that acquiring rid of slavery would staff office he slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, whi ch would give way up more lobs and more spending, which all sponsors the economy. And at long last one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longish have to pay their slaves and could now make and dispense more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists dysphoric tnat wltn tne a 01 t D I Ion 0T slavery wlll orlnga netter economy Tor Dotn tn slaveholders and slaves.\r\nAmerican Anti Slavery\r\nAs we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was justified by the Bible. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, a well-known abolitionist publication whose authors attacked slavery, tried to discredit the notion that Christianity justified slavery. | 200 words | 50 points. Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists wrote that the Christians did many anti-slavery acts. On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"negro seat” found in churches.On page 21, it states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously criticize” this idea of the â€Å"negro seat” in churches. It also states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat” keeps posted upon its walls a standing criticism on God’s workmanship, a public proclamation of their contempt for it. ” The church finds it wrong that many churches have designated seats for negros. â€Å"Why single out certain seats for them and make them sit in them?”On page 37, it states â€Å"According to the Bible, oppression maketh a man mad; but according to the objector, stop oppressing him and yon make him madder! That inflicting wrongs upon a person is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, everyone one knows,: and that the way to soothe his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and fill him with kind feelings towards you. ” This explains that the wrong doings t o a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters.On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his liberty and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be taken in making him your friends, is to stop doing that which made him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsense direction to all who wish to make others their friends. ” As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an economic necessity. They argued that its abolishing would ruin the country’s economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac tried to discredit this notion.Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they discredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the country’s economy. The abolitionists explained that getting rid of slavery would stop the theft that was exit on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would help the econom y. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that slaveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would buy a lot of this cotton causing outrage of money.On page 36, it explains that getting rid of slavery would specialty the slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, which would open up more jobs and more spending, which all helps the economy. And lastly one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longer have to pay their slaves and could now make and sell more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists stressed that with the abolition of slavery will bring a go against economy for both the slaveholders and slaves.\r\n'

'Introduction Bert Coron\r'

'This is a research newsprint that analyzes the smell and contributions of Bert electric g junior-grade in his fight and vivification as a political activist. The research cover is to tackle keenly and beat by step the disembodied spirit of this well composed man, a political activist, and higher up all a man who neer at one point of his eighty-years never plump for down, glory acted as an eye-opener to galore(postnominal) and has left a living legacy as an workr of many workers inwardnesss in America. Introduction Bert corona discharge was born on the 29th day of May 1918 to Neo Corona his father and Margarita Escapite Salayandia his mother, his father was a affirmationer in the Francisco villa during his birth.Berth during the whole of his life was recognized as American labor leaders and the civil rights activists. It is recorded that during his stallion life his contributions were recognized in his work with truly many major Latino governing bodys and as the de dicate of in truth many civil rights and labor organizations. In his career as he was reorganized as the old man and fought tirelessly for the rights of the immigrants. (http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/is_8_65/ai_76697709)Bert Corona enrolled in a shallow at an proto(prenominal) age, he had a in truth good command of English Which gave him n upper hand above some of his classmates, while in school, his take with racial discrimination started here, this is when some of his fellow scholarly persons were punished inhumanly by dry wash their mouths with soaps for speaking their own languages, but because of his command in English he was spared. When his mother heard of this she in public objected to such treatments and took him from that school to a boarding school in. (Garcio, 1994)His activist life started early in life and the showtime one took place when he was in the fifth grade at Harvard boys school, this was when their history teacher always gave poor and wr ong ides against the Mexican student in the Harvard school. The students organized a strike which do the teacher to apologize (Garcio, 1994). Immediately Corona decipherable his primary school Corona Joined El Pasio High school where he was playing basketball game , after clearing his high school he was lucky to get an athletic Scholarship to the University of grey Carolina.Here he was lucky to get a honest time employment because of His experience in the dose store back at home and overly because of the nature of the scholarship which allowed him to work. At the university Corona study commercial law and met different people which do him to spring to blossom. It is at the work place- Brunswick pharmaceutical fellowship where he got the real taste of labor and had his first attempt to organize and train workers on their rights. (order Rosales , 2000) Brunswick Pharmaceutical confederation employees were mostly Mexican American immigrants.The workers had not known or con jugated any summation and because of this faced a plug of frustrations as low wages, long hours of work, poor working conditions and racism. When Corona joined this company with his good command in English, experience in the field and his activism nature he know these problems and when Longshoremens Union decided to recruit workers supported the recruitment of over 2500 workers and the same year led them to a strike to demand wage payment increase.After the originate workers strike which was organized by the Longshoremens Union and facilitated by him the Union asked him to support in the organizing of the warehouse workers of which they started with Brunswick Company. ((Garcio, 1983) When the Company focal point realized that Corona wanted to organize a Union of for the warehouse workers who were getting one-half of the pay of warehouse workers in the food industry, the management fired him, this gave him a new dimension to life and he decided to abort his development at the expense of helping the Union.He abandoned hi college education when he was employed as a union organizer by Harry bridges of the intercourse of industrial Organization. As an organizer in the fisticuffs department he learned to be very excellent this grew his fame (Rosales, 2000) Corona gained a lot of fame and commanded lot of lick among the Mexican America workers and the undocumented workers. This he gained because his numerous efforts to recruit and support Mexicans everywhere in the United States, this was universe driven by his deliberate that every organization indispensabilitys a good, tough and steady workers unions.He continued fighting for the rights and against the mistreatment of the people who ca me from Mexico without the permission of the United States government. By 1965, he became regional organizer for the National Association of Mexican Americans. He gained a reputation for being able to influence Mexican American citizens. Becoming a division of the Nort hern atomic number 20 Democratic Campaign Committee, Corona actively supported Democratic candidates for two decades (http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/ )Bert Corona in his life was closely place with the works of National Mexican Brotherhood (Hermandad Mexicana Nacional,) , this is an organization which proved very much helpful to the immigrants, Hermandad Mexicana Nacional was rivet in the organizing of the trade Unions, defending of Undocumented workers and providing kindly service to this same undocumented workers. Since there were very many undocumented workers who never wanted to disagree against the infringement of their rights for fear of being deported.The organization gave them a base of argument and therefore sprung up to many parts including the Los Angeles. ( Rosales, 2000) The efforts and contributions of Bert Corona were well documented when he realized that most of the Mexican American workers did not know how the US law protected them he organized to them a good package on how the law protected them. He is also being remembered for his protest against some of the of the striker Immigrant laws, which wanted the employers to be responsible and liable for employing immigrants.(http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/ ) Corona more than than any other person, furthered the ideological struggle against the parentage and this he did during his public lectures and course of studys where he always preached the need of unity and oneness. One such was a see in which he had with students and the public where he launched the program to campaign against bills that would crack down on the hiring of black immigrants and to fight for humane immigration policies and practice.( http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php) Until his death in 2001, he was the chairman Hermandad Mexicana Nacional Los Angles Chapter and is more effort afford been made towards the delivery of the Mexican American from their onerousness state in the Uni ted States. He participated actively as an activist, union organizer and an educator. (http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php) Works Cited Francisco Arturo Rosales (2000) Testimonio: A Documentary History of theMexican American throw together for Civil Rights: Arte Publico Press Garcio T. Mario (1994) Memories of Chicano The Life and narrative of Bert Corona. University of California Press Garcio T. Mario and Et al (1983). History Culture and nightclub: Chicano studies in the 1980 . Bilingual Press http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php Retrieved on the sixteenth July 2008 http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/is_8_65/ai_76697709 Retrieved on the 16th July 2008.\r\n'

'Starbucks vs Tim Hortons\r'

'A Comparison of Starbucks and Tim Hortons Starbucks and Tim Horton’s argon two companies that specialize in the sustenance for thought and umber tree berry service industries. Information about each company, a comparison of how each foodstuffplaces their grade and their differing distribution methods volition be gived. Starbucks is a â€Å"premier roaster, marketer and retailer of specialty coffee” (Marketline 2012). This company is glob on the wholey acknowledge because of their vast amount of stores, consisting of more than 17,000 retail stores in over 55 countries. or so retail stores are in highly populated areas, equivalent â€Å"downtown and suburban centers, affair buildings, university campuses and in select rural and off-high instruction locations” (Marketline 2012). Starbucks sells different products in addition to coffee, like teas and fresh food items. It likewise â€Å" passs its trademarks through … market stores and national food service accounts” (Marketline 2012). Some of the brands, besides Starbucks, are Tazo Tea, Seattle’s Best Coffee and Starbucks VIA Ready Brew.Products for sale in Starbucks stores include Italian-style espresso beverages, cold and iced shaken drinks, and some(prenominal) breakfast and lunch items such as pastries, salads and sandwiches. Starbucks to a fault sells tippy food items, coffee equipment returns free wireless profits within its stores. Tim Hortons is like Starbucks in the sense that they provide like products like â€Å"premium coffee, flavored cappuccinos, specialty teas, home-style soups, fresh sandwiches, wraps, hot breakfast sandwiches and fresh sunbaked goods” (Marketline 2012). Tim Hortons has 3,750 restaurants in Canada and the linked States.Most of these (3,148) are in Canada. â€Å"It excessively offers home-brew coffee through various lines of distribution in Canada and the US, including certain grocery stores” (Marketline 2012). The way in which two Starbucks and Tim Hortons set aparts their products is through the various licensing bloodlines. For example, Starbucks directly advertises and sells its products in grocery and warehouse club stores in Canada, the U. K. and countries in Europe. This channel is also known as the CPG Channel, which represents the four occupation segments: the U. S. , international, global consumer products group and other (Marketline 2012).Many licensees also keep up license agreements with Starbucks where Starbucks sells its ingredients to make these products that are sold in retail stores. Regarding Starbucks, some of these licensing agreements are with North American Coffee Partnership (joint judge with Pepsi-Cola Company), Arla, Suntory, and Dong Suh Foods. With these license agreements, Starbucks is able to have these other companies â€Å"manufacture and market ready-to-drink beverages” like the Frappuccino and Doubleshot espresso drinks as headspring a s manufacture, market and distribute Starbucks chilled cup coffee beverages in Europe, japan and South Korea.Super-premium Tazo Tea and ice cream products in the U. S. with Unilever is another example of how the manufacturing and distribution works with Starbucks. Most of these products discussed are sold to foodservice companies that serve the following industries: businesses, education, healthcare, office coffee distributors, hotels, restaurants, and airlines, among umpteen more. National accounts also ingest Starbucks (Seattle’s Best Coffee brand), such as SYSCO Corporation, US Foodservice and others (Marketline 2012).Like Starbucks, Tim Hortons uses warehouses for distribution efforts as well. They also market their goods in restaurants and also have self-serve kiosks that consist of pastries and both hot and cold beverages. What differs from Starbucks is the distribution of paper and dry out goods in the â€Å"Canada-based restaurants” as well as the glacial b aked goods that are delivered to Ontario-based restaurants. Coffee-roasting plants in areas like Rochester, saucy York and Hamilton, Ontario are also used as deuce-ace party distributors, which differs from Starbucks’ methods (Marketline 2012).Tim Hortons doesn’t have as many joint ventures as Starbucks, but still also shares that distribution method, as Tim Hortons operates the Maidstone Bakeries facilitiy, which is a 50-50 joint venture with a subsidiary of IAWS and a subsidiary of Starbucks (Marketline 2012). In comparing both Starbucks and Tim Hortons regarding distribution, Starbucks definitely has more of a wide range of distributors and concentrates mainly on coffee and fresh food distribution. Tim Hortons concentrates on their beverages as well as bread, dry foods and pastries distribution as well.So in this sense, they differ a bit in what they distribute and how, as Starbucks uses a lot of licenses and partnerships while Tim Hortons relies on third party di stributors and warehouses. selling is another diagnose aspect that both Starbucks and Tim Hortons do differently for their company. Starbucks has intensely used technology applications such as for the iphone, in which a customer can use their supple phone to make their purchases and it is also connected to the allegiance Card that Starbucks has (Baker 2012). Starbucks also uses Facebook and online shop to market their products.For example, in regards to brotherly media, that area is part of the market group in the UK and Ireland. They include customer care and populace relations people, as well. Ian Cranna, Vice President for Marketing, give tongue to that Starbucks believes â€Å"that customers want genuine and authentic interaction with the brands they necessitate to engage in online” (Lifting the chapeau on social… 2012). Starbucks hosted a â€Å"Frappuccino Happy Hour” and Cranna also admitted â€Å" about of the best ideas come from their customer s” and Facebook is a great way to stay connected. Lifting the lid on social… 2012). Also, regarding the online shopping aspects, the Verismo, recently released in September, is Starbucks’ stolon home coffee machine and can be bought on Starbucksstore. co. uk. This is â€Å"the first time the chain has ventured into e-commerce” (Baker 2012). According to Androich and Laird, a managing director, wrinkle Engskov, stated, â€Å"”Up until today making a Starbucks caffe latte at home was just not possible. this instant customers who have been asking for more convenient slipway to enjoy Starbucks need look no raise” (2012).Starbucks is aiming to also provide self-serve â€Å"Go machines. ” Its aim is to provide â€Å"the quality of Starbucks” anywhere (Baker 2012). Tim Horton also uses technology like social media to attract customers and advertise, just as Starbucks does. Tim Hortons did a Facebook campaign with the â€Å" instrum enting up the Rim” promotion, which also included television, radio and both outdoor and in-store promotions. Those who care the Facebook page could download a free ringtone of the â€Å"Roll Up” ringtone as well as attain profile pictures with the theme.Free coffee for a year and apply cards were available to win. This attracted thousands of â€Å"likes” on Facebook and really promoted the Tim Hortons predict (Androich and Laird 2012). However, what differs from Starbucks is that Tiim Hortons is especially associated with Canada life, and the few regions it inhabits in the northern United States area, while Starbucks is more of an internationally recognized brand because of its wide spread stores. According to Chris Koentges, a author in Vancouver, Tim Hortons attracts Canadians.In his article, â€Å"Why we are Tim Hortons and Tim Hortons is us! ” was a headline on Canada. com (Koentges 2012). Overall, Tim Hortons and Starbucks differ in their marke t by who they market to †as Tim Hortons is mainly in Canada and Starbucks, although predominantly in the United States, is also all over the world. However, they do market their brands in similar fashions on Facebook or other social media channel and providing chances to â€Å"win” certain prized items. References Androich, A. & Laird, K. (2012).Facebook done right. Marketing Magazine, 117(3), 44-47. Retrieved from EBSO Host on November 11, 2012. Baker, R. (2012). Starbucks launches new caffeine take drink. Marketing week (Online Edition), 11. Retrieved from American Psychological necktie on November 11, 2012. Koentges, C. (2011). The Pandora’s Box of the new Tim Hortons’. Marketing Magazine, 116 (18), 21. Retrieved from the American Psychological tie-up on November 11, 2012. Lifting the lid on the social brands. (cover story). (2012).Marketing(00253650), 3-5. Retrieved from the American Psychological Association on November 11, 2012. Starbucks Corp oration. (n. d). Retrieved from: <http://web. ebscohost. com/bsi/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=0b16a9d4-19ac-47a0-8263- 6385a5496666%40sessionmgr10&vid=8&hid=8> on November 11, 2012. Tim Hortons Inc. (n. d). Retrieved from <http://web. ebscohost. com/bsi/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=0b16a9d4-19ac-47a0-8263- 6385a5496666%40sessionmgr10&vid=7&hid=8> on November 11, 2012.\r\n'

'English 3rd Year High School Curriculum Essay\r'

'COURSE DESCRIPTION:\r\nThis course foc wonts on unitary’s accord of the position and the Statesn literature from aging to contemporary. It assists one in honing skills and creative thinking by with(predicate) the contrary performance t strikes- absolutely humbug compose, playing period display, verse spear, and glib-tongued essay paper as s swell up up as enhancing their fundamental wrangle skills as integrated in individu all toldy(prenominal) lesson to process learners become fully equipped with essential understanding of two spoken language and literature in this level. rule:\r\nThis course aims to engage students the opportunity to explore literary school texts compose in Old position which get show up provide them with new understanding of the different husbandrys or hi news motif of the reference and the place where the literary take form was originated. Aside from that, they bequeath be considered to modify their previous know direc tge of face in both language and literature thus spring up and/or enhance skills in creative paper and deprecative interlingual rendition by with(predicate) deep epitome and paygrade of these texts. It in any case provides wide-ranging and centerful learning experiences that ar appraise-oriented. REQUIREMENTS:\r\nA. ENTRY\r\nThe third year students are delusive to have learned some lessons and rules in grammar and t let on ensemble the former(a)(a)(a) things covered in the side 1 and 2 including the literatures of the Filipinos and that of some other Asian countries and Africa, their genres, elements and features. Thus, they are expect to enhance their knowledge on these things finished arranged attention and figure outive participation during class hours, and develop the skills that are yet to be discovered. They are also expected to come up with generative ideas through interpreting position and Ameri mess little(a) stories, playing period, rimes and es says and through participating in performance task s or culminating activities prepared per unit. The students in this level should influence their assignments and projects on time ( write outputs or creative art work),\r\n act with literary texts and their addresss and perform the required tasks with eagerness which would in time help them understand their admit culture, valuate and experience God’s greatness. B. EXIT:\r\nAt the end of the school year, the students are expected to exhibition confidence on their knowledge and understanding of the literary pieces with emphasis on Anglo-American literature, show their sack out of teaching and penning in a creative and fine manner, and fancy these things, close to especially the core determine bring outed in most of the lessons, at present and in the near future. stretch outly, they are likely to show expertise not just in communicating nevertheless also in composition write exploitation well- builded sentence s and parag blowhs and all the more, in creating stories, verse forms and even song lyrics considering allow for mechanics. GENERAL OBJECTIVES:\r\nThe learner demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of British-American literary productions, including Philippine belles-lettres and other text types for a deeper appreciation of Philippine Culture and those of other countries.\r\nFIRST mark (NARRATIVE)|\r\n m subscribey| circumstantial Objectives| circumscribe| Skills| field consolidation| Methods| valuation| References| 12meetings| 1. address the explicit elements of American and British presently fib. 2. tell the elements of the succinct circuit fiction and differentiate each(prenominal). 3. justify how each element of the piddling circuit novel create a meaningful ill-judged accounting. 4. accommodate meaning out of the language features of a memoir. 5. intent abstract coordinators, prepositions and subordinators to highlight feelings, thoughts, actions and observations. 6. keep an essay analyzing the important elements and literary devices utilise in a short bill. 7. Make community within and among American-British short stories to real life experiences. 8. dissertate and interpret British-American narratives high spot their culture, effects and societies. | Elements and Literary Devices utilize in a fiddling storeyThe Last Leaf by O. HenryThe forgiver’s Tale by Geoffrey ChaucerLanguage emphasis:CoordinatorsPrepositions| essay paper on compend of the short tale elements study and contrasting of the different\r\nelements of the short tier interpretation a short news report based on its nucleotideOrganizing short story elements exploitation story maps describe of the different short story elements using the story readConstructing sentences using fascinate coordinators, subordinators and prepositions | ConnectedValues:John 15:13 Self-sacrifice (â€Å"The Last Leaf” where s elf-sacrifice is sh take in when the old man died subsequently he painted his masterpiece despite the frigidness weather which in turn gave hope to a dying friend.)ConnectedValues:1 Timothy 6:10(â€Å" excuser’s Tale” -Money planted greed in their hearts thus, led them to their fate, death.)\r\nConnectedSocial Studies:Highlighting the beliefs and culture of England and America through their narratives| tidings of the Elements and Literary Devices practiced in hapless Stories, Coordinators, and PrepositionsReporting of the Elements and Literary Devices used in soon StoriesStory mapping (using the story taken up and the unraveling of the short story elements) Exercises on coordinators and prepositions read sessionGroup Activities| essay paternityStory Mapping provezes (Elements and Literary Devices phthisisd in footling Stories; Coordinators, and Prepositions| face converse arts and Skills through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. scholar dormitory Grammar and penning 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 broadcast evanesce ( side of meat regulate 9 go out January 23, 2013) programme and didactics kick the bucket in slope deuce-ace (Bureau of inessential Education)Merriam-Webster English dictionary & group Aere; ThesaurusThe sanctum word of honor| 7 days| 1. go the pass water qualities of the twentieth vitamin C British-American short stories. 2. rationalize why and how the themes in narratives are still prevalent in the literature of all cultures and important to masses of today. 3. show emotional reaction to what was presented in the short story read. 4. Read, comprehend, discuss and interpret British- American short stories highlighting their culture, beliefs and societies. 5. deliver expressively using original ideas, reflections and observations. 6. crystalise meaning to reflect understanding, interpretation, application and evaluation of content, processes and experiences. 7. consider the limit forms and functions of congress pronouns and relative clauses. 8. deliver an broad communication or redundant action for a short story.| Culture and Values of the 20th deoxycytidine monophosphate American- British little StoriesThe wench’s sept by Katherine MansfieldThe Gift of the Magi by O. HenryLanguage focalisation: copulation Pronouns and articlesSubordinators Other stories:The TroutQualityLocomotiveThe Hack Driver| compend of the distinct qualities of the 20th century British-American short storiesWriting a talksInterpreting a short story in concord with the thoughts and means of the author analyze and contrasting| ConnectedValues:Students are boost to count their blessings and make out what they have.\r\nConnected account book:James 1:9(â€Å"The birdie’s House”- The story shows companionable discrimination. however through this measure, students go out learn and be reminded of treating people equally whether they are of the higher or commence class.) Connected tidings:Acts 20:35In all things I have shown you that by working hard in this way we essential help the weak and remember the words of the superior Jesus, how he himself said, ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’” (Students depart learn the vastness of giving, thus, when they give, it should be heartily.)| backchat of the recounting Pronouns/ClausesQ& vitamin A;A (Students are encouraged to ask a foreland mendd to the short story read and the teacher or students can answer) nurture sessionsResearch on the emphasize of the short storiesExercises on relative pronouns/clausesExchanging Gifts (students exchange small gifts to practice blessing in generosity)| Writing a dialogue indite report WritingJournals/ forgeionsVenn Diagramming to show similaritys and contrasts of the characteristics of short stories of the old and the 20th century short stories| English communicating humanistic discipl ine and Skills with Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. learner planetary house Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum bring forth (English cross out 9 go out January 23, 2013)Curriculum and educational activity depict in English tierce (Bureau of secondary coil Education)Merriam-Webster English mental lexicon & ThesaurusThe divine give-and-take| 8 days|\r\n1. compose a short story with a well-developed organizational structure, taking over of events and enlarge. 2. Trace changes in a character and describe how these affect the plot. 3. Make meaning of the main incidents of a plot, their causes, how they influence future actions and how they are resolved. 4. Make meaning of the literary devices and techniques to be engaged in one’s short story. 5. occasion technology in the preparation and penning of a short story. 6. hold set aside tenses of verbs in highlighting actions and observation s. 7. habituate correct tenses effectively in a short story. 8. Use a variety of gummy devices to make the flow of thought smooth and everyday in a short story. 9. Analyze, critique and construct meaning of a short story. 10. evaluate own and others’ short story. | WRITING A SHORT stratum USING THE NARRATIVE ELEMENTS AND DEVICESLanguage think:Simple away vs. Past correct tensePresent sodding(a) tense forthcoming arrant(a) Tense control DiscourseThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe| Short Story physical compositionCreating a logical order of events in create verbally a short storyUsing sensory details and synecdochical language in writing a short story yarn writingInterpreting and critiquing a short story in treaty with the thoughts and message of the author Constructing sentences with the correct use of tenses appraiseing own and others’ work using set of rubrics| ConnectedBible:Romans 12:19(The cask of Amontillado includes a character who plans to take revenge on another character and eventually put him to death. This verse will help and encourage students to know that the retaliation is the Lord’s only.)ConnectedComputer:The use of technology in the preparation and writing of a short story| word of honor on the Perfect Tenses and Figurative LanguageReading SessionExercises on the Perfect TensesWriting one’s adventurous experience rangeing the narrative elements of the short story read| Writing a Short StoryShort Story Presentation (Project)Quiz on the Perfect Tenses and Direct Discourse| English Communication arts and Skills through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum turn tail (English position 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and dogma Guide in English III (Bureau of auxiliary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible|\r\nSECOND GRADING (DRAMA)|\r\ nTime public figure| particular proposition Objectives| Content| Skills| national integration| Methods| military rank| References| 8 days| 1. Explain the different features, elements and historic cultivation of British-American fun. 2. Examine the features, elements of and historical development of British-American caper. 3. distil feelings and traits closely a play through wide-ranging activities. 4. shew competencies in doing technical query writing. 5. match and contrast features and elements of British and American funs. 6. commit and judge the elements, features and historical development of British-American drama using appropriate modals.\r\n7. Infer character traits through a scene showing. 8. relate drama themes to real life experiences. 9. Reflect on the moods and flavours of the character| ELEMENTS, FEATURES, AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF British AND American DRAMASSteps in Technical Research WritingLanguage centralize:ModalsRomeo & Juliet by William S hakespeare| Researching on the origin of dramaResearch writing about dramaRole-playing on the appoint drama analyze and Contrasting features and elements of dramaInferring character traits| ConnectedHistory:Highlighting the origin/ the historical development of British and American free reinsConnectedBible:1 Corinthians 13(The story contains a theme about love which ended tragically. On the other hand, students will be reminded of the real meaning of love through this verse. Thus, prevent them from doing the wrong things for love. ConnectedTechnology:The use of profits as a source for the research report and for printing it out in an MS devise format| discussion on the steps of devising a research report and modalsReporting on the raw material elements of dramaExercises on modalsRole-playing on the assigned drama| A Research Report on a romp chosenQuizzes (Modals, Types of Discourse) Role Play examine and Contrast features and elements of drama| English Communication Arts a nd Skills through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 8 days|\r\n1. Make meaning of the dialogues used in the British-American drama. 2. Describe dialogues and other distinctive features of British- American drama. 3. Demonstrate a clear distinction among dominant themes and story lines in British-American drama 4. Make a clear and interesting translation about British and American people and their literary heritage. 5. Exhibit knowledge in performing an aside. 6. Assess own performance of an aside. 7. Examine the feelings conveyed by the dialogue 8. Empathize with the roles performed in the play. 9. Recognize the cling to of dialogue and other distinctive features of the British -American drama. | DIALOGUE AND OTHER classifiable FEATURES OF BRITISH- AMERICAN DRAMAThe Nature of DialoguesStyle used by Playwrights in Writing DialoguesOther Distinctive Features of British-American Drama hamlet by William ShakespeareLanguage localize: lecture and Phrasal Modifiers| Writing Dialogues fashioning-meaning of the dialogues as used in British-American DramaAssessing own and others’ performance| ConnectedValues:Students will learn the cling to of forgiveness after they read the story â€Å"Hamlet”; They will also learn the value of one’s life.| Discussion on the steps of doing an divagationRole-playing on the assigned dramaExercises about ASIDE, soliloquy, and monologue| Oral RecitationsQuiz on Phrasal ModifiersOutput: ASIDE actancePeer evaluation on the ASIDE performed| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 6 days|\r\n1. Explain how characterization, plot structure, and lines are heighten by striking conventions. 2. Describe how several(a) dramatic conventions such as masks, chants, indigenous music, and authentic materials revolutionise the performance of a dramatic monologue. 3. Critic drama conventions and stage directions drills. 4. Translate drama themes and character commentary to conventions and delivery of lines. 5. Use subordinators and clause modifiers correctly. 6. Recognize the value of conventions and stage directions in enriching the content of British-American drama.| DRAMATIC CONVENTIONS AND chemical mechanism OF STAGE DIRECTIONS OF BRITISH-AMERICAN DRAMAThe Merchant of Venice by William ShakespeareLanguage Focus:SubordinationClause Modifiers| Writing an original scriptWriting sentences using appropriate subordinators and clause modifiersActing/ role-playing | ConnectedArts:Students apply skills and creativity in stage design (e.g. backdrops, lighting, props, costume) | Exercises on Clause ModifiersDiscussion on the steps on writing a script, the components of stage directionsReporting on the steps of writing a script and the components of stage direction, famous playwrights and their stylesRole-playing on the assigned dramaDrama Viewing| Quiz on Subordinators and Clause modifiersOral RecitationScript writingPeer Evaluation on the ScriptOutput: Critical Analysis of a Stage Play| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 3 days|\r\n1. discharge a drama pre sentation highlighting its mechanics. 2. Explain relevance of drama and culture. 3. Exhibit one’s skills in acting through role play presentations. 4. Share individualized experiences relating to the play’s theme.| THE BRITISH-AMERICAN DRAMAShakespearean Plays| Recognizing errors and flaws through drama rehearsalsSharing personalized experiences relating to the theme of the play| ConnectedSocial Studies:The relevance of drama and culture (Describe the culture from which the play was originated.)| Sharing of insights on British and American DramaDrama RehearsalsFinal Drama Presentation| Oral RecitationOutput: Drama Presentation | English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. The Holy Bible|\r\nTHIRD GRADING (POETRY)|\r\nTime pen| Specific Objectives| Content| Skills| report Integration| Methods| Evaluation| References| 8 days| 1. Acquire functional knowledge on the elements and features of Brit ish-American verse 2. Identify features and elements of British-American poetry which are regarded as universal 3. Take note of the eccentric culture, belief and society highlighted in British-American poetry 4. Relate well with the significant human experiences reflected in British-American poems 5. Draw out similarities and differences between British- American and Philippine poetry 6. Use literary devices in writing poems 7. Make use of adjectivals and adjective clauses in poetry 8. Exhibit respectable use of adjectives and adjective clauses in writing an analysis of an big 9. get a well-written analysis of an epic| STRUCTURE AND FORM OF ANGLO †SAXON EPICUnique Culture, Belief and caller Highlighted in British-American verseDifferences between British-American and Philippine Poetic PiecesLiterary Devices apply in British-American dustup rimeAnalysis of an Epic:The Story of BeowulfLanguage Focus:procedural and adjectival Clauses| Reporting on the Elements of rhym e, Characteristics of EpicDifferentiating British-American and Philippine Poetic piecesAnalyzing an EpicInterpreting or analyzing an epic through identifying its elementsWriting sentences with appropriate adjectives and adjective clauses| ConnectedHistory:The study of the culture, belief and society which are highlighted in British-American PoetryConnectedValues:Students will be reminded of the qualities of a genuine leader after reading the story of Beowulf who led his men and saved them from the hands of the enemy| Reporting on the Elements of Poetry, Characteristics of EpicInterpreting or analyzing an epic through identifying its elementsInteractive discussion on Adjectives and Adjective ClausesReading, then sharing of thoughts, lessons and ideas learned from the story’s themeExercises on Adjectives and Adjective Clauses| Analysis of an Epic poem (Output)Quiz on Adjective and Adjective clausesWriting Activity using appropriate adjective clauses| English Communication Art s and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013) Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 8 days|\r\n1. Single out dominant themes and features in British-American Poetry 2. Determine the impact of extended language on evaluating ideas, information and experiences contained in lyric poems. 3. do Shakespearean from Spenserian sonnet 4. Gather sufficient details on the role of imagery, rhythm, and literary devices in the development of British †American Poetry 5. Relate well with the significant human experiences covered in various lyric poems 6. Recognize language features in run-in Poetry 7. Use transitional devices highlighting comparison and contrast in writing lyric poems and in the production of the ly ric poem analysis 8. Exhibit proficient use of comparison and contrast transitional markers in writing poems 9. Produce a well-written analysis of a lyric poem.| MEANINGFUL PERCEPTIONS IN BRITISH- AMERICAN LYRIC POETRYThemes and FeaturesFigurative LanguageShakespearean and Spenserian SonnetsRole of Imagery, Rhythm, and Literary Devices in British-American PoetryAnalysis of a voice communication Poem: A Song to Celia by Ben JonsonLanguage Focus:transitional Devices Highlighting Comparison and Contrast| Interpreting Shakespearean and Spenserian SonnetsRecognizing the roles of the elements and features of a lyric poetryComparing and contrasting using transitional devicesAnalyzing a actors line Poem| ConnectedMusic: cantabile out the lyrics of a song while billing in mind the meaning and content of the songConnectedValues:Through the poems, learners will be able to learn different values and lessons highlighted.| Reading of Lyric PoemsDiscussion on renewingal DevicesSharing of insig hts on a Lyric Poem| Quiz on Figurative Languages/ transitional devicesWriting a Lyric Poem (a song)Output: Analysis of a Lyric Poem | English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 8 days|\r\n1. Expound on the interdependence of the elements and features of British-American poetry 2. Consider the dominant themes and emotional appeal of most British-American poems 3. Deepen and transfer significant human experiences reflected in various English-American poems 4. Enrich poem’s woodland through the use of shape words and unique syntax 5. Produce a poem for Poetry slam 6. Follow the correct placement of modifiers to begin the images in poems 7. Conform with and execute well the operating instructions in performing a poetry slam 8. Record the feature of performance during the presentation of poetry slam| ELEMENTS AND FEATURES OF POETRY/ POETRY SLAMThemes & Varieties of Emotions in British-American PoetryLiterary Devices Considered by British-American PoetsPoetry shutSample Poems:Little Lamb/ The Tiger by William BlakeLullaby by Louisa May AlcottOne Morning by capital of Minnesota Kekal Manansala (Filipino)How Do I pick out Thee? By Elizabeth Barrett BrowningPoems by Emily DickinsonLanguage Focus: pose and abatement Modifiers| finishing a poetry slamCreating a rap rendition of a poemInterpreting a poem through narrowing dismantle its elementsCorrecting misplaced and dangling modifiers in sentencesProducing own poem to be used for the poetry slam| ConnectedMusic:The use of rhythm and beat in delivering a rap/ performing a poetry slamConnectedValues:(Values highlighted in each poem will be discussed and/or identif ied)| Discussion on be intimate Poetry and Misplaced and Dangling ModifiersReading SessionOral Reading of PoemsExercises on Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers| Poetry WritingQuiz on Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers Output: Slam PoetryPeer Evaluation on Poetry Slam| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible|\r\nFOURTH GRADING (ESSAY)|\r\nTime Frame| Specific Objectives| Content| Skills| Subject Integration| Methods| Evaluation| References| 5 days| 1. Explain the different forms, structure, language, appeal, functions and standards of advertisements. 2. Examine the different forms, structure, language, appeal, functions and standards of advertisem ents. 3. Express feelings towards advertisements through varied activities 4. Exhibit competencies in creating a persuade and quality advertisement. 5. Compare and contrast forms and structure of advertisements. 6. Relate advertisements to real life experiences.| BASIC FORMS AND STRUCTURE OF ADVERTISEMENTS micturates, Structure, Language, Appeal, Functions and Standards of advertizingsLanguage Focus:Logical Fallacies Through S-V Agreement (Indefinite Pronouns as Subjects)Sample: sexual love is a Fallacy by Max Shulman| Comparing and contrasting forms and structures of advertisementsIdentifying errors through subject-verb reasonCreating a convincing and quality advertisement| ConnectedLogic:Learning about logical fallacies through S-V agreementConnectedBible:â€Å"Love” 1Cor 13:4(Learners will bear in mind the real meaning of love, not the bull one.)| Discussion on Subject and Verb Agreement, Techniques in Making Advertisements think for Producing an AdvertisementExercises on Subject and Verb AgreementReading Session| Quiz on Subject and Verb AgreementProduce an advertisementAdvertisement Presentation (Project)Peer Evaluation on the Advertisement do| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 5 days|\r\n1. Explain the distinct form, content, parts, tone and style of an percipient letter 2. Express feelings and traits about a an undetermined letter through varied activities 3. Exhibit competencies in writing an open letter. 4. Compare and contrast features and elements of an open letter to other forms of essays. 5. Identify and assess connectors for cause-effect /problem-solution relationship 6. Use transitio nal markers in writing an open letter.| BASIC FORMS AND STYLES OF OPEN LETTERDistinct Form, Content, Parts, notation and Style of an blossom garnerLanguage Focus:Connectors for Cause-Effect/ Problem-Solution RelationshipTransitional markers Samples: feed Letter from Sami Yusuf to Yvonne RidleyOpen Letter to Pope Benedict XVI, etc.| Comparing and Contrasting features and elements of an open letter to other forms of essaysAssessing and/or identifying connectors for cause-effect relationshipWriting an Open LetterProofreading own and peer’s workWriting a reflection based on the results of a cogitation| ConnectedSocial Studies:Social issues like politics, etc. are universe focused in the reading and making of the open letterNestedTechnology/ Internet:The use of a social networking office to gather answers for a short survey uncertainty about the importance of making oneself competent| Discussion on Open Letter, Transitional MarkersExercises on Transition MarkersReading Sessi onMaking a short survey on the question: â€Å"How important is making yourself competent in persuading others about your thoughts and feelings?” using an account in any social networking siteGroup Discussion on flow Issues| Writing an Open LetterPresentation of the Open Letter (Project)Quiz on Transition MarkersPeer Evaluation on the Open Letter| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible| 5 days|\r\n1. economize a coaxing essay. 2. Use parallel and fit sentence structures in oral and written communication. 3. Explain argument made in persuasive essay. 4. try critically the facts and reasons to be included in the presentation of a p ersuasive essay.| THE BASICS OF WRITING A PERSUASIVE ESSAYLanguage Focus: designate StructuresDirect and validatory SpeechSamples Essays:Of Studies by Francis BaconSelf-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson| Writing a telling EssayGiving examples of direct and indirect discourseIdentifying sentence structures correctly|\r\nConnectedValues:The value of studies as highlighted in the essayConnectedBible:â€Å"Trusting Oneself”If God be for us, who can be against us. -Romans 8:31/Trust in the LORD with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways acknowledge him, and he will make your paths straight. Proverbs 4:5(These are just some of the verses which would relate much to the essay â€Å"Self-reliance”. | Discussion on writing a glib-tongued Essay, Sentence Structures, and Direct and corroborative SpeechGroup Brainstorming and Discussion on Current IssuesExercises on Sentence Structures and Direct and indirect SpeechNews Reporting, Argument, and Discussion of Opinions| Quiz on Sentence Structures and Direct and Indirect SpeechWriting a Persuasive EssayOutput: Presentation on Persuasive Essay Peer Evaluation on Persuasive Essay| English Communication Arts and Skills Through Anglo- American Literature by Lapid, Milagros and Serrano, Josephine B. Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition 3 by Gary Forlini, et al.K to 12 Curriculum Guide (English Grade 9 dated January 23, 2013)Curriculum and Teaching Guide in English III (Bureau of Secondary Education)Merriam-Webster English Dictionary & ThesaurusThe Holy Bible|\r\nFirst order Period\r\nTime Frame| Specific Objectives| Content Topic| Skills | Subject Integration| Methods/Strategies/Techniques| Evaluation| References| | 1. Use appropriately coordinators and prepositions in writing. 2. Identify the elements of the short story and differentiate each. 3. Explain how each element of the short story creates a meaningful short story. 4. Write an essay analyzing the elements of a stor y and the literary devices employed by the author.| Elements (and Literary Devices used) of Short StoryCoordinatorsPrepositionsThe Pardoner’s Tale by Geoffrey Chaucer| Essay writing on analysis of the short story elementsComparing and contrasting of the different elements of the short storyInterpreting a short story in accordance with the thoughts and message of the author | Bible: Students are encouraged to learn the importance of money in their lives. 1 Timothy 6:10History: Historical background of the author and the story of The Pardoner’s TaleSocial Studies: Highlighting of the beliefs, culture, and societies on the literature read| Discussion of the Elements and Literary Devices used in Short Stories, Coordinators, and PrepositionsReporting of the Elements and Literary Devices used in Short StoriesInnovative scheme: Story map (using the story taken up and the unraveling of the short story elements) Exercises on coordinators and prepositionsReading session| Essay writingQuiz on the Elements and Literary Devices used in Short Stories, Coordinators, and Prepositions| | |\r\n1. Analyze the distinct qualities of the 20th century British-American short stories. 2. Write an extended dialogue or additional action for a short story. 3. Analyze the correct forms and functions of relative pronouns and relative clauses.| The Culture and Values of the 20th British & American Short StoriesRelative Pronouns/ClausesThe Doll’s House by Katherine MansfieldThe Gift of the Magi by O. Henry| Analysis of the distinct qualities of the 20th century British-American short storiesWriting a dialogueInterpreting a short story in accordance with the thoughts and message of the author Comparing and contrasting| Bible: Students are encouraged to share what they have. Technology: The dialogue must be written in MS Word format.History: Facts on Magi will be discussed and the background of the authors.| Discussion of the Relative Pronouns/ClausesQ&A (Students are encouraged to ask a question related to the short story read and the teacher or students can answer) Reading sessionsResearch on the background of the short storiesExercises on relative pronouns/clausesInnovative dodge: Exchanging Gifts (students exchange small gifts to practice blessing in generosity)| Writing a dialogueComparing and Contrasting characteristics of the short stories of the old and the 20th century short storiesPeer editing of the dialogue| | |\r\n1. Write a rich, creative, and insightful short story based on personal reflections, observations, and experiences. 2. Write a short story with a well-developed organizational structure, sequence of events and details. 3. Elaborate ideas through the use of sensory details, shiny words, and figurative language to help readers clearly come across events in the story. 4. Use appropriate tenses in narrating events.| communicative Elements Used in Writing a Short StoryThe Present Perfect TenseThe Past Perfect TenseThe h ereafter Perfect TenseThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe| Short story writingCreating a logical order of events in writing a short storyUsing sensory details and figurative language in writing a short storyNarrative writingInterpreting a short story in accordance with the thoughts and message of the author | Technology: The short story must be written in MS Word format.Bible: Students are encouraged to know that the avenging is the Lord’s only. Romans 12:19Arts/Technology: They will view images and describe them using figurative language.History: stress of the author Edgar Allan Poe and his work| Discussion on the Perfect Tenses and Figurative LanguageReading SessionExercises on the Perfect TensesWriting one’s adventurous experienceIdentifying the narrative elements of the short story readInnovative system: dramatic Reporting (aside from discussing perfect tenses, students are to act out examples of perfect tenses for better understanding)| Writing a Short StoryShort Story Presentation (Project)Quiz on the Perfect Tenses| |\r\nSecond Grading Period\r\nTime Frame| Specific Objectives| Content Topic| Skills| Subject Integration| Methods/Strategies/Techniques| Evaluation| References| | 1. Research on the historical background of a certain drama. 2. compose a research report on a certain drama. 3. Use modals correctly in writing sentences.| Elements, Features, and Historical learning of British and American DramasModalsTypes of DiscourseRomeo & Juliet by William Shakespeare| Researching on the origin of dramaResearch writing about dramaRole-playing on the assigned drama| Bible: Students are encouraged to value true love. 1 Corinthians 13History: Background information of William Shakespeare and his works/history of dramaTechnology: The research report must be written in MS Word initialise| Discussion on the steps of making a research report and modalsReporting on the basic elements of dramaExercises on modalsRole-playing on the ass igned drama| Research ReportPeer Evaluation on the Research ReportQuiz on ModalsPresentation of Research Reports| | | 1. Perform an ASIDE. 2. Analyze the importance of the ASDIE, soliloquy, and monologues on the play.| Dialogue and other Distinctive Features of British-American DramaWord and Phrase ModifiersHamlet by William Shakespeare| | | Discussion on the steps of doing an ASIDERole-playing on the assigned dramaExercises about ASIDE, soliloquy, and monologue| ASIDE PerformancePeer Evaluation on the ASIDE performed| | | 1. Write a script for the stage. 2. Apply the conventions of stage direction. 3. Analyze the devices and dramatic\r\nconventions used in a play.| Dramatic Conventions and Mechanics of Stage Direction of British-American DramaThe Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare| | | Discussion on the steps on writing a script, the components of stage directionsReporting on the steps of writing a script and the components of stage direction, famous playwrights and their st ylesRole-playing on the assigned dramaDrama Viewing| Script writingPeer Evaluation on the ScriptCritical Analysis of a Stage Play| | | 5. Perform a drama presentation. 6. Explain relevance of drama and culture.| The British-American Drama| | | Sharing of insights on British and American DramaRehearsal for Drama| Drama Presentation (Project)| |\r\nThird Grading Period\r\nTime Frame| Specific Objectives| Content Topic| Skills| Subject Integration| Methods/Strategies/ Techniques| Evaluation| References| | 1. Write an analysis for an epic poem. 2. Explain the characteristics of an epic poem. 3. Write a narrative or epic poem using the learned features and elements. 4. Use appropriate adjectives and adjective clauses in writing a poem or in oral and written communication.| Structure and Form of an Anglo-Saxon EpicAdjectivesThe Story of Beowulf| | | Reporting on the Elements of Poetry, Characteristics of EpicDiscussion on the Elements of Poetry, Characteristics of Epic, and Adjectives and Adjective ClausesReading SessionSharing of thoughts and lessons learned from The Story of BeowulfExercises on Adjectives and Adjective Clauses| Analysis of an Epic Poem (Project)Writing a Narrative or Epic PoemQuiz on Adjectives and Adjective Clauses| | | 1. Write an analysis for a lyric poem. 2. Write a lyric poem. 3. Use transitional devices in writing a lyric poem or in oral and written communication.| Literary Devices Used in a Lyric PoemTransitional devicesA Song to Celia by Ben Jonson | | | Reading of Lyric PoemsDiscussion on Transitional DevicesSharing of insights on a Lyric Poem| Analysis of a Lyric Poem (Project)Writing a Lyric Poem| | | 1. Perform slam poetry in a group. 2. Use and place correctly modifiers in writing a poem or in oral and written communication. 3. Write an original poem.| Elements and other Features of PoetryMisplaced and Dangling ModifiersRichard Cory by Edward Arlington RobinsonThe Lamb/The Tyger by William BlakeHow Do I Love Thee? by Elizabeth Barrett BrowningO Captain! My\r\nCaptain! by Walt WhitmanPoems of Emily DickinsonStopping by Woods on a Snowy evening by Robert Frost| | | Discussion on Slam Poetry and Misplaced and Dangling ModifiersReading SessionOral Reading of PoemsExercises on Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers| Slam Poetry (Project) Poetry WritingPeer Evaluation on Poetry SlamQuiz on Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers| |\r\nFourth Grading Period\r\nTime Frame| Specific Objectives| Content Topic| Skills| Subject Integration| Methods/Strategies/Techniques| Evaluation| References| | 1. Use subject and verb agreement appropriately in oral and written communication. 2. Create an advertisement. 3. Explain one’s value and exercise of the advertisement made.| Form, Structure, and Functions of a Quality AdvertisementAgreement between Subject and VerbOf Studies by Francis Bacon| | | Discussion on Subject and Verb Agreement, Techniques in Making AdvertisementsBrainstorming for Producing an AdvertisementExercises on Subjec t and Verb AgreementReading Session| Produce an advertisementAdvertisement Presentation (Project)Peer Evaluation on the Advertisement madeQuiz on Subject and Verb Agreement| | |\r\n1. Write an open letter. 2. Use appropriate transitional markers in writing an open letter or in oral and written communication to deliver the correct message to the audience. 3. Evaluate evidences and reasons critically to prepare a fair open letter.| Form, Style, and Parts of an Open LetterTransition markersSelf-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson| | | Discussion on Open Letter, Transitional MarkersExercises on Transition MarkersReading SessionGroup Discussion on Current Issues| Writing an Open LetterPresentation of the Open Letter (Project)Quiz on Transition MarkersPeer Evaluation on the Open Letter| | | 5. Write a persuasive essay. 6. Use parallel and balanced sentence structures in oral and written communication. 7. Explain argument made in persuasive essay. 8. Evaluate critically the facts and reasons t o be included in the presentation of a persuasive essay.| The Basics of Writing a Persuasive EssaySentence StructuresDirect and Indirect Speech| | | Discussion on writing a Persuasive Essay, Sentence Structures, and Direct and Indirect SpeechGroup Brainstorming and Discussion on Current IssuesExercises on Sentence Structures and Direct and Indirect SpeechNews Reporting, Argument, and\r\nDiscussion of Opinions| Writing a Persuasive EssayQuiz on Sentence Structures and Direct and Indirect SpeechPresentation on Persuasive Essay (Project)Peer Evaluation on Persuasive Essay| |\r\n'